Survival rate of the Hall technique compared with resin composite restoration in multi-surface cavities in primary teeth: a 1-year randomized clinical trial

Abstract Background Hall technique (HT) has been indicated for teeth with dentinal caries lesion; however, extensive cavities, with more than two surfaces still seem challenging for restorative treatment in pediatric dentistry, resulting in a higher failure rate and an increased need for retreatment. Objectives To compare the survival rate of the Hall technique preformed metal crown (HT) with resin composite restoration (RC) for multi-surface cavitated caries lesions in primary molars. Methodology In this multicenter two-arm randomized clinical trial, children between 4 and 9 years of age with at least one primary molar with cavitated caries lesion involving more than two surfaces, including one buccal or palatal/lingual surface, were selected from 17 Brazilian cities. A total of 364 teeth were allocated into two groups: (1) teeth treated with selective caries removal and RC and (2) treated with the HT. The survival rate was assessed at 6 and 12 months after the interventions. Survival analysis was performed with the Kaplan‒Meier method. Cox regression was used to determine the influence of explanatory variables on the survival rate (α=5%). Results After 12 months, 292 teeth were re-evaluated. A total of 358 teeth were re-evaluated at least once during the study and included in the survival analysis. The HT (87.8%) resulted in a higher survival rate than RC restoration (75.7%) (p=0.004). Conclusion HT has a higher survival rate than RC as a treatment for multi-surface cavitated caries lesions in primary teeth. ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02782390

Associated factors and treatment options for sleep bruxism in children: an umbrella review

Abstract Data on clinical management options for sleep bruxism in the primary dentition are inconclusive. This umbrella review aimed to synthesize the available evidence from systematic reviews (SRs) on the associated factors and treatment approaches for clinical management of sleep bruxism in children. A search was conducted in the MEDLINE/PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and OpenGrey databases up to March 2022. SRs published on sleep bruxism in children containing data on associated factors or treatment outcomes were included. The AMSTAR-2 tool was used to assess the methodological quality of SRs. The search identified 444 articles, of which six were included. Sleep conditions, respiratory changes, personality traits, and psychosocial factors were the associated factors commonly identified. Treatments included psychological and pharmacological therapies, occlusal devices, physical therapy, and surgical therapy. All SRs included presented a high risk of bias. Overlapping of the included studies was considered very high. The best evidence available to date for the management of sleep bruxism in children is based on associated factors, with sleep duration and conditions, respiratory changes, as well as personality traits and psychosocial factors being the most important factors commonly reported by studies. However, there is currently insufficient evidence to make recommendations for specific treatment options.

Alterações na clínica odontológica decorrentes da Pandemia: a mínima intervenção como a primeira opção em Odontopediatria / Changes in the dental clinic resulting from the Pandemic: minimal intervention as the first option in Pediatric Dentistry

A pandemia pelo novo coronavírus impactou a prática clínica odontológica, trazendo a necessidade de consultas mais rápidas, por vezes remotas, e com diminuição na produção de aerossóis, com o intuito de diminuir a disseminação do vírus Sars-CoV-2. Desta maneira, as técnicas abrangidas pela filosofia da Mínima Intervenção (MI) ganharam destaque pois, além dos benefícios para o momento pandêmico atual, são técnicas pautadas em evidências científicas e que podem ser oferecidas com segurança e de maneira integral à saúde bucal dos pacientes. Neste comentário, nós retomamos como o odontopediatra pode agir de maneira minimamente invasiva desde o diagnóstico ao tratamento mais complexo, além de educar o paciente e envolver a família na mudança comportamental, compreendendo seu papel na conquista da saúde bucal. A odontologia de Mínima Intervenção oferece ao paciente, em qualquer idade ou etapa de desenvolvimento, uma abordagem na qual sua família compreende os riscos e benefícios do plano de tratamento e participa das decisões para a construção de uma nova realidade em saúde.

The pandemic caused by the new coronavirus has impacted clinical dental practice, bringing the need for faster consultations, sometimes remote, and with a decrease in the production of aerosols, in order to reduce the spread of the Sars-CoV-2 virus. In this way, the techniques covered by the philosophy of Minimum Intervention (MI) gained prominence because, in addition to the benefits for the current pandemic moment, they are techniques based on scientific evidence and that can be offered safely and in an integral way to the oral health of patients. In this commentary, we revisit how pediatric dentists can act in a minimally invasive way from diagnosis to more complex treatment, in addition to educating the patient and involving the family in behavioral change, understanding their role in achieving oral health. Minimal Intervention Dentistry offers patients, at any age or stage of development, an approach in which their family understands the risks and benefits of the treatment plan and participates in decisions to build a new health reality.

Aesthetic-functional rehabilitation of deciduous anterior teeth without removal of carious tissue: series of clinical cases / Reabilitação estético-funcional em dentes anteriores decíduos sem remoção de tecido cariado: série de casos clínicos

ABSTRACT The treatment of cavity carious lesions in anterior deciduous teeth is a frequent demand in the pediatric dentistry clinic, since the control of the disease in early childhood still presents itself as an inter-factor challenge in child health care. While the scientific evidence on the minimally invasive principles of approach in Dentistry is presented at an increasing level, the alternatives for restorative treatment in anterior deciduous teeth still face the low availability of reports that associate minimal intervention with the aesthetic needs inherent to the treatment. Thus, this article presents a series of cases in which direct restorations in composite resin, without removing carious tissue using polyvinyl matrices, were treatment alternatives for moderate and severe caries lesions in anterior deciduous teeth. It was observed, therefore, that the use of this artifact helped the rehabilitation of compromised dental elements with speed and satisfactory 50 result, suggesting that this is an appropriate approach for application in Pediatric Dentistry, 51 since it offers resistance, durability, besides providing aesthetics and functionality, it presents lower cost and agility as it eliminates the laboratory phase.

RESUMO O tratamento de lesões cavitadas de cárie em dentes decíduos anteriores é uma demanda frequente na clínica de odontopediatria, visto que o controle da doença na primeira infância ainda se apresenta como um desafio interfatorial nos cuidados em saúde infantil. Enquanto a evidência científica nos princípios minimamente invasivos de abordagem em Odontologia apresenta-se em nível crescente, as alternativas para tratamento restaurador em dentes decíduos anteriores ainda esbarram na baixa disponibilidade de relatos que associem a mínima intervenção às necessidades estéticas inerentes ao tratamento. Assim, este artigo apresenta uma série de casos em que as restaurações diretas em resina composta, sem a remoção de tecido cariado utilizando matrizes de polivinila foram alternativas de tratamento para lesões de cárie moderadas e severas em dentes decíduos anteriores. Observou-se que o uso desse artefato auxiliou a reabilitação dos elementos dentários comprometidos com rapidez e resultado satisfatório, sugerindo que essa é uma abordagem adequada para aplicação em Odontopediatria, já que oferece resistência, durabilidade, além de proporcionar estética e funcionalidade, apresenta menor custo e agilidade na medida que dispensa a fase laboratorial.

Pulp vitality of primary molars with deep caries treated with ART restorations: 2-year RCT

Abstract: The aim of this study was to compare the pulp vitality of primary teeth with deep caries treated with two restorative techniques. The restoration survival rate was also evaluated as a secondary outcome. Children aged from 4 to 8 years with at least one deep carious lesion in molars were selected at the Ibirapuera University dental clinic. One hundred and eight deciduous molars were allocated into two groups: (1) restoration with calcium hydroxide cement lining followed by filling with high-viscosity glass ionomer cement (CHC+HVGIC) or (2) restoration with HVGIC. Pulp vitality and restoration survival were evaluated at 6, 12, and 24 months. Intent-to-treat analysis was used for pulp vitality, and survival analysis was performed with the Kaplan-Meier method (α=5%). Results: At 24 months, 86 restorations were evaluated, and 91 were evaluated at least once during the study. There was no significant difference between the restorative treatments regarding pulp vitality (CHC +HVGIC=70% and HVGIC=68.5%) (OR=1.091; CI95%=0.481-2.475). However, HVGIC (73%) restorations showed a higher survival rate than CHC+HVGIC (50%) (p=0.021). Thus, it can conclude that deep caries in primary molars should be restored with HVGIC, since the technique results in similar pulp vitality to the CHC +HVGIC, but with a higher restoration survival rate.

Lesion sterilization and tissue repair of primary molar to the eruption of its permanent successor: a case report / Esterilização da lesão e reparação de tecidos de molar decíduo: relato de caso clínico até a erupção do permanente sucessor

The aim of this study is to report a clinical case of lesion sterilization and tissue repair in primary molar, with follow-up until the eruption of the permanent successor. A 6-year-old male patient came to the Pediatric Dentistry Clinic at Faculdade Sao Leopoldo Mandic in Campinas-SP, with his mother, complaining of "caries in several teeth". On clinical examination, it was found that tooth 85 had a severe carious lesion with pulp involvement and fistula. Radiographically, radiolucency was observed in the furcation region. It was then decided to perform lesion sterilization and tissue repair of the tooth with CTZ paste. After 6 months of the procedure, the tooth was clinically and radiographically normal and after 3 years it was observed that tooth 85 was in complete root resorption. After extraction, the permanent successor erupted naturally without clinical or radiographic alterations. It can be concluded that the present clinical case demonstrated success in the use of CTZ paste in the lesion sterilization and tissue repair of primary molars, until the complete eruption of the permanent successor. (AU)

O objetivo desse estudo é relatar o caso clínico de esterilização da lesão e reparação de tecidos em molar decíduo com pasta CTZ, com acompanhamento até a erupção do pré-molar sucessor. Paciente do sexo masculino, 6 anos de idade, apresentou-se à Clínica de Odontopediatria da Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic em Campinas-SP, acompanhado de sua mãe, queixando-se de "cárie em vários dentes". Ao exame clínico, verificou-se que o dente 85 apresentava lesão de cárie severa com envolvimento pulpar e fístula. Radiograficamente, observou-se radiolucidez na região de furca. Optou-se, então, por realizar a esterilização da lesão e reparação de tecidos do dente com pasta CTZ. Após 6 meses da realização do procedimento, o dente apresentava-se clinica e radiograficamente normal e após 3 anos observou-se que o elemento 85 estava em rizólise completa. Feita a extração, o permanente sucessor erupcionou naturalmente sem alterações clínicas ou radiográficas. Pode-se concluir que o presente caso clínico demonstrou sucesso do emprego da pasta CTZ na esterilização da lesão e reparação de tecidos de molar decíduo, até completa erupção do permanente sucessor. (AU)

Extraction of supernumerary teeth in a hospital setting: case report in pediatric dentistry / Exodontia de dentes supranumerários em ambiente hospitalar: relato de caso na Odontopediatria

ABSTRACT The diagnosis and treatment of supernumerary teeth pose a challenge for dental clinicians and pediatric dentists. These teeth are asymptomatic and may cause the delayed eruption of the permanent dentition, altered bone growth and ectopic positioning. This paper reports a case of the surgical removal of supernumerary teeth in the anterior region of the maxilla of a child under general anesthesia in a hospital setting. A six-year-old female patient visited a private dental office in the city of Garanhuns, Brazil, accompanied by her mother, who reported a tooth with a "strange shape" in the anterior region as the main complaint and also reported that her daughter's first dental experience was negative. The clinical examination and imaging tests were performed under general anesthesia to confirm the diagnosis. In view of the patient's dental and behavioral history, surgical treatment was performed in a hospital setting and assisted by a multidisciplinary team. Care in the hospital setting was found to be feasible, providing greater comfort for uncooperative patients.

RESUMO Os dentes supranumerários representam um desafio para clínicos e odontopediatras quanto ao diagnóstico e tratamento. São assintomáticos, podendo gerar atraso na dentição permanente, alteração do crescimento ósseo e posicionamento ectópico. Assim, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo apresentar um relato de caso de remoção cirúrgica de dentes supranumerários na região anterior da maxila de um paciente infantil, em ambiente hospitalar sob anestesia geral. O paciente do sexo feminino, 6 anos, compareceu ao consultório apresentando como queixa a presença de um dente "estranho" na região anterior. Foram realizados o exame clínico e exames de imagem com a confirmação do diagnóstico de dentes supranumerários na região do incisivo central superior direito (11) e do incisivo central superior esquerdo (21). Tendo em vista o histórico odontológico e comportamental da paciente, optou-se em realizar o tratamento cirúrgico em ambiente hospitalar, auxiliado por equipe multidisciplinar. Dessa forma, ao final dos procedimentos foi verificado que o atendimento em ambiente hospitalar é viável para maior conforto do paciente não colaborador.

Management of deep caries lesions with or without pulp involvement in primary teeth: a systematic review and network meta-analysis

Abstract: There is a lack of evidence about the best approach for cavitated caries lesions with the possibility of pulpal involvement in primary teeth. Thus, the present authors aimed to verify the best treatment for deep caries lesions with or without pulp involvement in primary teeth. The search was conducted in MEDLINE/Pubmed and Web of Science databases until May 2020. Studies that compared techniques to manage deep caries lesions with at least 12 months of follow-up were included. The risk of bias was evaluated using the RoB tool. Network meta-analysis and pairwise meta-analyses were conducted considering the treatment clinical success as an outcome, according to the pulp health condition. From 491 potentially eligible studies, 9 were included. For deep caries lesions with pulp vitality, the Hall Technique presented the highest probability of success (78%). In the event of accidental pulp exposure, pulpectomy presented a 76% chance of providing the best clinical results. For pulp necrosis, no difference was observed between a pulpectomy and non-instrumented endodontic treatment (RR = 0.69; 95%CI: 0.21-2.33) Thus, it was concluded that the Hall Technique may be a better option for deep caries lesions with pulp vitality. In cases of accidental pulp exposure of vital teeth during caries removal, a pulpectomy may be considered the best option. However, there are insufficient studies to build up evidence about the best treatment option when irreversible pulpitis or pulp necrosis is present.

Qualidade de relatos de revisões sistemáticas sobre traumatismo dentário: overview / Quality of systematic review reports on dental traumatism: an overview

Objetivo: Realizar uma overview relacionada ao assunto traumatismo em dentes decíduos e permanentes, bem como analisar a qualidade metodológica e o risco de viés dos trabalhos incluídos (PROSPERO CRD42018107840). Métodos: Este trabalho foi conduzido de acordo com o Preferred Reporting Items for Overviews(PRIO). A estratégia de busca foi aplicada nas bases de dados eletrônicas PubMed, WebScience, Embase, Cochrane e Scopus; que incluiu publicações até outubro de 2020, sem restrição de ano e idioma. Foram avaliados os critérios de elegibilidade: trabalhos com enfoque em lesões traumáticas dentárias; apresentar termo "revisão sistemática" (RS) e/ou "meta-análise" no título ou resumo, critérios de elegibilidade, técnicas sistematizadas para coleta e análise de dados, e instrumentos para avaliação da qualidade dos estudos incluídos; identificar as bases de dados utilizadas na pesquisa; abranger o assunto: traumatismo de dentes permanentes e/ou decíduos ou tecidos de suporte. Foi realizada a avaliação da qualidade das RSs utilizando o Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR2) e averiguada a aderência do artigo ao Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Os resultados foram analisados pelo Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) a fim de classificar a certeza da evidência científica e avaliado o risco de viés pelo ROBIS. Resultados: Foram identificados 2.561 trabalhos, sendo 2.469 excluídos, totalizando 92 artigos incluídos. Nota-se que a partir do ano de 2018 os trabalhos apresentaram melhor qualidade metodológica. E a maioria dos trabalhos apresentaram certeza da evidência científica alta pelo sistema GRADE modificado, e risco de viés baixo pela ferramenta ROBIS. Conclusão: As revisões sistemáticas e meta-análises incluídas apresentaram dificuldade no processo de estruturação metodológica atribuindo, em média, certeza da evidência científica alta para o GRADE, como também risco de viés baixo pelo ROBIS. Descritores: Traumatismos dentários. Revisão. Dentição permanente. Dente decíduo.

Aim: To carry out an overview related to the subject of trauma to primary and permanent teeth, as well as to analyze the methodological quality and risk of bias in the studied works (PROSPERO CRD42018107840). Methods: this work was carried out according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Overviews (PRIO). The search strategy was applied to the electronic databases PubMed, WebScience, Embase, Cochrane, and Scopus, which included publications until October 2020, with no year or language restrictions. The eligibility criteria were evaluated: studies focusing on traumatic dental injuries; presented the term "systematic review" (RS) and/or "meta-analysis" in the title or abstract, eligibility criteria, systematic techniques for collecting and analyzing data, and instruments to assess the quality of the included studies; identify the databases used in the research; and cover the subject: trauma to permanent and/or deciduous teeth or supporting tissues. An evaluation of the quality of the SRs was performed using Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR2), and adherence of the article to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) criteria was verified. The results were analyzed by Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) in order to classify the certainty of scientific evidence, and the risk of bias was assessed by ROBIS. Results: A total of 2,561 papers were identified, of which 2.469 were excluded, totaling a sample of 92 articles. It is noted that from 2018 onwards, the works presented better methodological quality. Moreover, most of the studies showed a certainty of high scientific evidence, determined by using the modified GRADE system and a low risk of bias determined by using the ROBIS tool. Conclusion:The systematic reviews and meta-analyses included in this study presented difficulties in the methodological structuring process, attributing, on average, a certainty of high scientific evidence to GRADE, as well as a low risk of bias determined by ROBIS.

Cost analysis of endodontic treatment in primary teeth: results from a randomized clinical trial

Abstract: This study compared the cost of endodontic treatment in primary teeth involving a technique that does not require root canal instrumentation using antibiotic paste (CTZ) with that of the instrumented technique using iodoform paste (GP). This study is part of a randomized, controlled, parallel arm, noninferiority, 1:1 allocation, blinded (patient) multioperator study of 52 primary incisors of children aged 3 to 6 years with caries lesion and pulp involvement. Each technique was performed according to the creators' descriptions. The cost was assessed by analyzing the costs of capital, dental supplies, and professional labor according to the time taken to perform the procedure and the CHEERS guidelines were used to report the cost assessment. Endodontic treatment with CTZ had a 58.33% lower execution cost than GP (US$6.73 and US$16.15, respectively). The t-test showed significant differences between groups regarding treatment time and total cost (p < 0.0001). The CTZ technique seems to be more economically viable than GP for endodontic treatment of primary teeth, requiring a shorter treatment time and lower costs.

Assessment of Extruded Debris in Primary Molars Comparing Manual and Reciprocating Instrumentation

Objective: To compare the amount of extruded debris in primary molars after manual instrumentation or WaveOne system. Material and Methods: Twenty-five primary molar roots with mild and moderate root angulation (between 10 to 20º), having at least two thirds of root length, no pathological reabsorption (internal or external) or furcation perforation, were selected for this study. Roots were standardized at 6 mm in length, inserted and stabilized in individual acrylic resin blocks with random distribution into two groups: G1 (n=12): Instrumentation with crown-down manual technique; and G2 (n=13): instrumentation with WaveOne system. Blocks with roots were weighed before and after instrumentation, allowing the calculation of extruded debris using both mechanical preparations. Data analysis was performed by Bioestat 4.0 statistical software using Mann Whitney test. Results: The mean weight of extruded debris in manual instrumentation and WaveOne system have no significant difference (p=0.8704). Conclusion: Manual crown-down instrumentation or WaveOne system does not influence the amount of extruded debris after mechanical preparation, suggesting that both techniques were effective in canals clean causing similar extrused debris, however more studies with largest sample should be done to better validate this evidence.

Efficacy of Sealing with Glass Ionomer Cement and Transversal Brushing Technique in Erupting First Molars: 18-Month Clinical Follow-Up

Objective: To verify the effectiveness of sealing with glass ionomer cement and transversal brushing in the prevention and treatment of initial caries lesions in erupting permanent molars of children aged 5-7 years. Material and Methods: Healthy teeth with ICDAS scores 1 or 2 were selected. One hundred and thirty-one children (79 teeth in the control group - 75 teeth in the test group) were randomly assigned into the two experimental groups: (1) transversal brushing technique for plaque control with conventional flat bristles and fluoridated dentifrice or (2) sealing the occlusal surfaces with glass ionomer cement (Vitro Molar®). Follow-up was performed for 18 months and the survival analysis was applied to test the occurrence of lesion progression. Results: The mean age of children was 5.4 years and it was verified that, by examining the initial tooth condition, the probability of progression was 66% lower when the tooth had initial caries lesions than when it was healthy; the probability of molar progression was about 74% lower in the test group compared to the control group. The mean time for lesion development in the test group (16.8 months; SD = 0.5) was greater than that in the control group (16.5 months; SD = 0.5; p=0.008). Conclusion: Sealing reduces the progression of caries disease in initial lesions when compared to the transversal brushing technique.

Treatment of Riga-Fede disease using laser therapy: clinical case report / Tratamento de lesão de Riga-Fede com laserterapia: relato de caso clínico

ABSTRACT Neonatal teeth arise in the oral cavity in up to 30 days of life. Early eruption of teeth associated with dental trauma on the ventral surface of the tongue during breastfeeding may lead to a set of signs and symptoms called the Riga-Fede lesion, which manifests as a chronic ulceration on the ventral surface of the tongue. Establishing the treatment plan is a challenging task. The pediatric dentist and pediatrician, should act in promoting health and recovery of the baby with the disease, taking care not to neglect the weight loss in newborns. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the clinical implications of a Riga-Fede lesion and treatment approach using laser therapy. A 43-day-old child was referred to pediatric dentistry, presenting weight loss and a congenital lingual injury caused by a neonatal tooth. The treatment, after radiographic examination was extraction of tooth 71, topical application of Triacinolone acetonide and laser therapy. Laser therapy has been shown to be a possible treatment option for Riga-Fede lesions, reducing the healing time to four days, allowing the return to feeding and improvement in the pain symptoms from the first day of application.

RESUMO Os dentes neonatais surgem na cavidade oral em até 30 dias de vida. A erupção precoce dos dentes associado ao trauma dental na língua durante a amamentação pode levar a um conjunto de sinais e sintomas chamado de lesão de Riga-Fede, que se manifesta como uma ulceração crônica no ventre da língua. O estabelecimento do plano de tratamento é uma resolução desafiadora. O odontopediatra, bem como o pediatra, deve atuar na promoção de saúde e recuperação do bebê com a doença instalada, com o cuidado de não negligenciar a perda de peso em neonatos. O objetivo desse trabalho foi demonstrar as implicações clínicas de uma lesão de Riga-Fede e abordagem de tratamento utilizando a laserterapia. Uma criança de 43 dias foi encaminhada para tratamento com odontopediatra, apresentando perda de peso e uma lesão no ventre lingual ocasionada por um dente neonatal. O tratamento efetuado, após exame radiográfico, foi a exodontia do elemento dental 71, aplicação tópica de Triacinolona acetonida e laserterapia. A laserterapia mostrou-se uma possível opção de tratamento para lesões de Riga-Fede, reduzindo o tempo de cicatrização para quatro dias, possibilitando o retorno à alimentação e melhora da sintomatologia dolorosa desde o primeiro dia da aplicação.

Perfil de problemas orales en infantes y preescolares atendidos en el servicio de urgencias odontológicas de un centro de salud infantil de Brasil / Perfil de problemas orais em infantes e pré-escolares tratados no serviço de urgências odontológicas de um centro de saúde infantil do Brasil / Oral health problems profile in infants and preschool children attended at the dental emergency service of a children ́s health centre of Brazil

Objetivo: Determinar el perfil de los problemas orales en lactantes y preescolares atendidos en el servicio de urgencias de la Clínica de Especialidades infantil/ Clínica de Bebés de la Universidad Estatal de Londrina, Brasil. Materiales y métodos:Estudio retrospectivo donde se analizaron 776 historias clínicas de pacientes en el rango de edad de 0 a 72 meses, atendidos entre abril de 2007 a abril de 2008. Los datos recolectados fueron: Género, edad, lugar de residencia, ocupación y grado de escolaridad de los padres, motivo de consulta, dientes involucrados e intervenciones realizadas. Se utilizó la prueba de Chi2(χ2) y un nivel de significancia de 5% para la asociación entre variables. Resultados: Se observó una mayor proporción de pacientes de género masculino en la búsqueda del servicio (55,5%) y la mayoría de pacientes se ubicaron en el rango de edad de 0 a 24 meses (27,3%). Se verificó que el 62,9% residían en la zona urbana y la mayoría de los padres/responsables habían cursado secundaria completa (30,5% padres, 33,8% madres). Los motivos de consulta más frecuentes en la atención fueron caries dental (38,9%) siendo el dolor la queja principal (42,0%) y trauma dental (28,9%). Los dientes más afectados por caries fueron los segundos molares inferiores primarios y, por trauma los incisivos centrales superiores primarios. Dentro de las intervenciones más comunes se encontraron el tratamiento endodóntico (16,0%) y la adecuación del medio bucal (15,1%). Se encontró una asociación estadísticamente significativa entre escolaridad de la madre y motivo de consulta en el servicio de urgencias (p=0,001). Conclusión: El servicio analizado es necesario y útil, sin embargo, la resolución de problemas orales en la población infantil de Londrina, ocurrirá por medio de una reorganización de los servicios odontológicos actuales.

Objective: To determine the profile of oral problems in infants and preschool children treated at an emergency service from Clinic of Infantile Specialities / Clinical Baby of the State University of Londrina, Brazil. Materials and method: Retrospective study where 776 clinical histories of patients aged 0 to 72 months, treated between April 2007 and April 2008 were analysed. Data collection included gender, age, place of residence, parental occupation and educational level, reason for consultation, involved teeth and performed intervention. Chi-square test (χ2) and a significance level of 5% were used for variables associations. Results:A greater proportion of male patients (55.5%) attended the service and the main age group was the 0-24 months (27.3%). It was found that 62.9% lived in urban areas and most parents/caregivers had completed secondary school (30.5% parents, 33.8% mothers). The main reason for consultation was caries (38.9%) - pain as main complaint (42.0%) and dental trauma (28.9%). The most affected tooth by caries was the lower second primary molar and, regarding trauma, the upper central primary incisors were the most injured. Interventions varied from endodontic treatment (16.0%) and adequacy of oral environment (15.1%). There was a statistically significant association between mother educational level and reason for consultation (p = 0.001). Conclusion:The assessed health service was necessary and useful. However, oral health problems resolution in the paediatric population in Londrina will only occur after the implementation of reorganised dental services from the currently available.

Objetivo: Determinar o perfil dos problemas bucais em lactantes e pré-escolares atendidos no pronto socorro da Clínica de Especialidades Infantis / Bebê Clínica da Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Brasil. Materiais e métodos: Estudo retrospec-tivo onde foram analisados 776 prontuários odontológicos de pacientes na faixa etária de 0 a 72 meses, atendidos entre abril de 2007 a abril de 2008. Os dados coletados foram: Gênero, idade, lugar de moradia, ocupação e grau de escolaridade dos pais, motivo da consulta, dentes envolvidos e intervenções realizadas. Foi usado o teste qui-quadrado (χ2) e estabeleceu-se um nível de significância de 5% para a associação entre variáveis. Resultados: Observou-se uma maior proporção de pacientes de sexo masculino na procura do atendimento (55,5%) e a maioria dos pacientes pertenciam à faixa etária de 0 a 24 meses (27,3%). Verificou-se que, 62,9% moravam na zona urbana e a maioria dos pais/responsáveis possuíam escolaridade de segundo grau completo (30,5% pais, 33,8% mães). Os motivos mais frequentes pelo atendimento foram cárie dentária (38,9%) sendo a dor a principal queixa 42,0%, e trauma dentário (28,9%). Os dentes mais acometidos pela cárie foram os segundos molares infe-riores e por trauma, os incisivos centrais superiores decíduos. As intervenções mais comuns foram o tratamento endodôntico (16,0%) e adequação do meio bucal (15,1%). Houve associação estatisticamente significante entre escolaridade da mãe e moti-vo da consulta do pronto socorro (p=0,001). Conclusão: O serviço de urgência é necessário e útil, porém, a resolução dos pro-blemas bucais na população infantil de Londrina, ocorrerá por meio de uma reorganização dos serviços odontológicos atuais.

Odontodisplasia regional: relato de caso clínico / Regional odontodysplasia: a case report

A Odontodisplasia Regional é uma anomalia dental rara, que envolve os tecidos dentários de origem ectodérmica (esmalte) e mesodérmica (dentina, polpa e cemento). O objetivo deste trabalho foi relatar um caso clínico de odontodisplasia regional em uma criança. Paciente de nove anos, sexo masculino, tendo como queixa principal a ausência de alguns dentes decíduos e a não irrupção dos dentes permanentes em determinada região da maxila. O dente 16, que havia irrompido, apresentava-se clinicamente, com um esmalte hipoplásico e hipomineralizado e uma imagem radiográfica bastante tênue, por isso sendo conhecido como "dente fantasma". Foram apresentados nesse relato, aspectos clínicos e radiográficos e destacadas as questões envolvidas na elaboração de um plano de tratamento. Há poucos estudos disponíveis sobre a odontodisplasia regional. A anamnese detalhada e o conhecimento das características clínicas e radiográficas são imprescindíveis para um correto diagnóstico.

Regional Odontodysplasia is a rare dental anomaly involving dental tissues of ectodermal (enamel) and mesodermal (dentin, pulp and cement) origin. The aim of this study was to report a case of regional odontodysplasia in a child. A nine-year-old male patient who the main complaint was the absence of some deciduous teeth and the non - eruption of permanent teeth in a specific area of the maxilla. The tooth 16, which had erupted, had hypoplastic and hypomineralized enamel, presenting a radiographic image lacking clearness, for that reason being known "ghost teeth". In this case report, clinical and radiographic aspects were presented and were highlighted the issues involved in the elaboration of a treatment plan. There are few available studies about regional odontodysplasia. The detailed anamnesis and the knowledge of the clinical and radiographic characteristics are essential for a correct diagnosis.

Análisis conductual de niños brasileños que participan del "Programa boquita del bebé" ­ Gurupi/Tocantins / Behavioral analysis of Brazilian children participating in the "Baby's Little Mouth Program" at Gurupi-Tocantins / Análise comportamental de crianças brasileiras participantes do "Programa Bo-quinha do Bebê" ­ Gurupi/Tocantins

La respuesta del comportamiento del niño ha sido estudiada en algunas investigaciones y es útil para predecir cómo el niño reacciona al tratamiento odontológico, especialmente los bebés y los niños más pequeños, que es donde se encuentra uno de los mayores desafíos de la odontopediatría. Objetivo: Evaluar el patrón de comportamiento de niños de 3 a 5 años de edad, en un programa preventivo de la municipalidad de Gurupi/Tocantins, Brasil. Materiales y métodos: Este estudio fue evaluado y aprobado por el comité de ética e investigación. Un total de 60 niños, con diferentes perfiles de participación del programa "boquita del bebé" fueron analizadas. Entre ellos, 20 frecuentaban el programa, 20 habían desistido y 20 nunca participaron anteriormente. El perfil de comportamiento fue analizado por un examinador externo en el momento de la higiene bucal (profilaxis) por medio de la escala de comportamiento de Venham. Los datos fueron analizados mediante la regresión de Poisson (α=5%). Resultados: Los niños que presentaron peor comportamiento fueron aquellas que nunca participaron del programa "boquita del bebé" (OR: 3.80 / p=0.008), así como, los niños que no permitían el cepillado en casa (OR: 4.17 / p=0.001) y aquellos que sólo permitían el cepillado en ocasiones (OR: 3.07 / p=0.010). Conclusión: Existe una influencia positiva del programa en el condicionamiento psicológico, en la ansiedad de los niños y en la adopción de hábitos correctos en sus rutinas diarias.

The behavioral response of the child has been studied in some researches and is useful to predict how the child reacts to dental treatment, especially infants and young children, which is one of the greatest challenges of pediatric dentistry. Ob-jective: To evaluate the behavioral pattern of children from 3 to 5 years of age in a preventive program in the municipality of Gurupi /Tocantins, Brazil. Materials and methods: This study was evaluated and approved by the Ethics and Research Committee. A total of 60 children, with different participation profiles of the program "Baby's Little Mouth" were analyzed. Of these, 20 were frequent program participants, 20 were dropouts and 20 had never participated in the program before. The behavioral profile was analyzed by an external examiner, at the time of oral hygiene (prophylaxis), through the behavioral scale of Venham. Data were analyzed using Poisson regression analysis (α = 5%). Results: The children who presented the worst behavior were those who had never participated in the "Baby's Little Mouth" program (OR=3.80; p=0.008), as well as children who did not allow brushing at home (OR=4.17; p=0.001) and those that only allowed brushing someti-mes (OR=3.07; p=0.010). Conclusion: There is a positive influence of the program on psychological conditioning, on the anxiety of children and on the adoption of correct daily habits in their routines.

A resposta comportamental da criança tem sido estudada em algumas pesquisas e sendo útil para prever como a criança reage ao tratamento odontológico, especialmente os bebês e as crianças mais novas, que é onde se encontra um dos maiores desafios da odontopediatria. Objetivo: Avaliar o padrão comportamental de crianças de 3 a 5 anos de idade, em um programa preventi-vo do município de Gurupi/Tocantins, Brasil. Materiais e métodos: Este estudo foi avaliado e aprovado pelo Comitê de ética e pesquisa. Um total de 60 crianças, com diferentes perfis de participação do programa "Boquinha do bebê" foram analisadas. Dentre elas, 20 eram frequentadoras assíduas do programa, 20 eram desistentes e 20 nunca participaram anteriormente. O perfil comportamental foi analisado por um examinador externo no momento da higienização bucal (profilaxia) por meio da escala comportamental de Venham. Os dados foram analisados mediante a Regressão de Poisson (α=5%). Resultados: As crianças que apresentaram pior comportamento foram aquelas que nunca participaram do programa "Boquinha do bebê" (OR: 3,80 / p=0,008), assim como, as crianças que não permitiram escovação em casa (OR: 4,17 / p=0,001) e aquelas que só permi-tiam a escovação às vezes (OR: 3,07 / p=0,010). Conclusão: Existe uma influência positiva do programa no condicionamento psicológico, na ansiedade das crianças e na adoção de corretos hábitos em suas rotinas.

Remoção de mucocele com laser diodo: relato de caso clínico em paciente infantil / Mucocele removal with laser diode: case report on child patient

A mucocele é uma das lesões benignas que mais afeta a cavidade bucal. O laser de diodo de alta potência é uma opção que substitui ou associa procedimentos complementares aos processos convencionais,tendo mais conforto pós-cirúrgico. O objetivo deste trabalho foi relatar o caso clínico de remoção de mucocele de lábio inferior em paciente infantil utilizando laser de diodo de alta potência. Paciente do sexo feminino, 8 anos de idade, compareceu à clínica de Odontopediatria da Faculdade de Odontologia São Leopoldo Mandic, em Campinas, relatando incômodo no lábio inferior, com a presença de uma “bolinha”. Ao exame clínico observou-se tumefação de consistência mole, flutuante, translúcida, com coloração similar à mucosa bucal. Após diagnóstico, o tratamento baseou-se na remoção cirúrgica com auxílio de laser de diodo de alta potência. Inicialmente foi realizada a anestesia infiltrativa ao redor da lesão, e então a remoção cirúrgica foi conduzida, juntamente com as glândulas acessórias para evitar recidiva, com uso do laser de diodo de alta potência. Ao fim do procedimento foi possível observar que a paciente saiu satisfeita, sendo o prognóstico favorável. No retorno de 30 dias, observou-se que não houve recidiva da lesão. O laser dediodo de alta potência, uma vez que apresenta uma série de benefícios, como excelente hemostasia, sem a necessidade de sutura, redução do edema e dor, cicatrização mais rápida e redução do tempo para realizar o procedimento, parece ser uma opção para remoção de mucocele em Odontopediatria.

Mucocele is a benign lesion that affects the oral cavity. The high power diode laser is an option as anadditional method or as a substitute to conventional procedures, with more post-surgical comfort. The objective of this study was to report a case of lower lip mucocele removal in a child patient using highpower diode laser. A female patient, 8 years old, attended the Clinic of Pediatric Dentistry, São Leopoldo Mandic School of Dentistry in Campinas, reporting discomfort in the lower lip, with the presence of a“ball”. On clinical examination it was observed swelling of soft consistency, floating, translucent, with coloring similar to the buccal mucosa. After diagnosis, the treatment was based on surgical removal with high power diode laser assistance. Initially infiltration anesthesia around the lesion was performed,and then the surgical removal was conducted, along with the accessory glands to prevent recurrence,with high power diode laser use. At the end of the procedure it was observed that the patient leftsatisfied, with a favorable prognosis. At the 30-day post-operative return, it was observed that there was no recurrence. The high power diode laser, since it presents a series of benefits such as excellen the mostasis, without the need for sutures, reduction of swelling and pain, faster healing, reducing the time to perform the procedure, it seems to be an option for removal of mucocele in pediatric dentistry.

Métodos complementares na detecção de lesões de cárie em dentes decíduos são realmente necessários? / Are adjunct methods for the detection of caries lesions in primary teeth really necessary?

O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar, em termos de probabilidade, o impacto da realização de métodos complementares para a detecção de lesões de cárie em superfícies proximais e oclusais de dentes decíduos, comparado à inspeção visual. Para isso, 1.213 superfícies proximais de 126 crianças e 407 superfícies oclusais de 68 crianças foram examinadas através dos métodos de inspeção visual, exame radiográfico e fluorescência a laser. A validação das superfícies proximais foi realizada após separação temporária. Nas superfícies oclusais, o padrão de referência foi a confirmação da presença de lesão após tratamento operatório. Utilizando análise bayesiana, foram calculadas as probabilidades pós-teste com a aplicação da inspeção visual, e depois com a utilização dos métodos complementares. A probabilidade pré-teste foi de 4,2% e 5,2% para superfícies proximais e oclusais, respectivamente. Um resultado negativo obtido com a inspeção visual levou a probabilidade de ter uma lesão para porcentagens bem baixas, principalmente na superfície oclusal. Nesses casos, mesmo com resultados positivos obtidos com os métodos complementares, a probabilidade de haver uma lesão ainda foi baixa (em torno de 50%, no caso do exame radiográfico positivo em superfícies proximais). A realização da radiografia para confirmar lesões detectadas pelo exame visual em superfície oclusal poderia aumentar a certeza da presença da lesão, evitando tratamento operatório desnecessário. Portanto, pode-se concluir que os métodos complementares não possuem grande utilidade na detecção de lesões de cárie em dentes decíduos, e o exame visual realizado isoladamente já seria suficiente para um diagnóstico acurado.

The present study aimed to evaluate, in terms of probability, the impact of performing adjunct methods of caries lesions detection in proximal and occl usa I surfaces of primary teeth, cornpared to the visual inspection. For this, 1,213 proximalsurfaces of 126 children and 407 occlusalsurfaces of 68 children were examined through visual inspection, radiographic and laser fluorescence methods. The validation for proximalsurfaces was performed after temporary separation.ln the occlusal surfaces the reference standard was the confirmation of the presence of the lesion after operative treatment. Using Bayesian analysis post -test probabilities after performing the visual inspection were calculated. After that, these figures were computed after performing the adjunct caries detection methods. Pre-test probability was 4.2% and 5.2% for proximal and occl usa I surfaces, respectivelv A negative result obtained with visual inspection reduced the post-test probability to very low values, mainly at occlusal surfaces. On these occasions, even with positive results obtained by adjunct methods, the post-test probability of having a carieslesion was stilllow (around 50% in case of a positive result obtained by radiographic method in proximalsurfaces). Performing radiography to confirm carieslesions detected by visual inspection could increase the confidence concerned the presence of the lesion, avoiding unnecessary operative treatment. Therefore, it was concluded thal the adjunct methods do not have great utility in detecting caries lesions in primary teeth, and that the visual inspection performed alone is enough to reach an accurate diagnosis.

Reabilitação estético-funcional de paciente com displasia ectodérmica em idade precoce / Early aesthetic functional rehabilitation of patient with ectodermal dysplasia

A displasia ectodérmica representa um complexo grupo de doenças com características clínicasrelacionadas principalmente às estruturas do ectoderma, como pele, anexos cutâneos,cabelos, unhas, glândulas sudoríparas e dentes. Dentre as alterações dentais, as anomalias denúmero e forma são bastante comuns, tanto na dentição decídua como na permanente, levandoao comprometimento bucal estético e funcional. Este trabalho visa apresentar um casoclínico de displasia ectodérmica em paciente odontopediátrico, descrevendo as anormalidadesdentais e a conduta de reabilitação oral adotada para estabelecimento da função, estética eequilíbrio psicológico.

Ectodermal dysplasia is a complex group of diseases with clinical features related mainlywith ectodermal structures such as skin, skin appendages, hair, nails, sweat glands and teeth.Among the dental alterations, the absence of some teeth and morphologic anomalies are extremelycommon, both in the primary and permanent teeth resulting in esthetical and functionalcompromise. This report aims to present teeth abnormalities and the clinical procedures involvedin the child's oral rehabilitation carried out in order to restore the function, the estheticaland the psychological equilibrium.